[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/bbcode.php on line 122: include(/home/shoeb/public_html/www.matholympiad.org.bd/forum/includes/phpbb-latex.php) [function.include]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/bbcode.php on line 122: include() [function.include]: Failed opening '/home/shoeb/public_html/www.matholympiad.org.bd/forum/includes/phpbb-latex.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/opt/php53/lib/php')
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/bbcode.php on line 122: include(/home/shoeb/public_html/www.matholympiad.org.bd/forum/includes/phpbb-latex.php) [function.include]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/bbcode.php on line 122: include() [function.include]: Failed opening '/home/shoeb/public_html/www.matholympiad.org.bd/forum/includes/phpbb-latex.php' for inclusion (include_path='.:/opt/php53/lib/php')
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/session.php on line 1042: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at [ROOT]/includes/functions.php:3887)
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/functions.php on line 4786: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at [ROOT]/includes/functions.php:3887)
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/functions.php on line 4788: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at [ROOT]/includes/functions.php:3887)
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/functions.php on line 4789: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at [ROOT]/includes/functions.php:3887)
[phpBB Debug] PHP Warning: in file [ROOT]/includes/functions.php on line 4790: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at [ROOT]/includes/functions.php:3887)
BdMO Online Forum • View topic - Beginner's Marathon

## Beginner's Marathon

For students of class 6-8 (age 12 to 14)

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

Solution to Problem $18$:

The $21$ answer the host received were different. Then all the handshake numbers occur from $0$ to $20$. Let's name the people according to their handshake number -- $H_0, H_1,....,H_{20}$.
Here, $H_0$ shakes hands with no one. And $H_{20}$ shakes hands with everyone except its spouse. So, $H_0$ and $H_{20}$ must be each other's spouses.
Eliminating $H_0$ and $H_{20}$ from the party, we now have a party of $9$ couples. $H_1$ is now least social person, his only handshake being with $H_{20}$. And $H_{19}$ shook hands with everyone except his spouse and $H_0$. So, $H_1$ and $H_{19}$ must be spouses.
Going on and on, only $H_{11}$ remains single. So, $H_{11}$ must be the hostess.
Epshita32

Posts: 37
Joined: Mon Aug 24, 2015 12:34 am

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

Problem $19$:

If $127$ people play in a singles tennis tournament, prove that at the end of the tournament, the number of people who have played an odd number of games is even.
Epshita32

Posts: 37
Joined: Mon Aug 24, 2015 12:34 am

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

$\text{Problem 19}$
Let,the number of games played by a person $i$ be $g_i$.Therefore,the sum $g_1$+$g_2$+......+$g_{127}$ is even as each game is counted twice.We,assume that the number of people who played an odd numbered games is odd.In that case,if we eliminate their played games from the sum,we get that the left over teams played an odd numbered games as there are different parities.But that contradicts the fact that there are in that case even numbered leftover people who played even number of games.So,our assumption was wrong and there is an even number of people who played an odd numbered games.
aritra barua

Posts: 45
Joined: Sun Dec 11, 2016 2:01 pm

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

An easy problem:$\text{Problem 20}$
The fractions $\frac{7x+1}{2}$, $\frac{7x+2}{3}$,......., $\frac{7x+2016}{2017}$ are irreducible.Find all possible values of $x$ such that $x$ is less than or equal to $300$.This Problem was recommended by Zawad bhai in a mock test at CMC.
aritra barua

Posts: 45
Joined: Sun Dec 11, 2016 2:01 pm

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

aritra barua wrote:An easy problem:$\text{Problem 20}$
The fractions $\frac{7x+1}{2}$, $\frac{7x+2}{3}$,......., $\frac{7x+2016}{2017}$ are irreducible.Find all possible values of $x$ such that $x$ is less than or equal to $300$.This Problem was recommended by Zawad bhai in a mock test at CMC.

Here's a hint for you guys.
$\frac{7x+n-1}{n}=\frac{7x-1}{n} +1$, so $7x-1$ is cooprime with all positive integers from $1$ to $2017$.

Atonu Roy Chowdhury

Posts: 40
Joined: Fri Aug 05, 2016 7:57 pm

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

Atonu Roy Chowdhury wrote:
aritra barua wrote:An easy problem:$\text{Problem 20}$
The fractions $\frac{7x+1}{2}$, $\frac{7x+2}{3}$,......., $\frac{7x+2016}{2017}$ are irreducible.Find all possible values of $x$ such that $x$ is less than or equal to $300$.This Problem was recommended by Zawad bhai in a mock test at CMC.

Here's a hint for you guys.
$\frac{7x+n-1}{n}=\frac{7x-1}{n} +1$, so $7x-1$ is cooprime with all positive integers from $1$ to $2017$.

And since $x \le 300$, the answer are all the primes of the form $7x-1$ between $2018$ and $2099$.

$\boxed{\text{Problem }21}$

Given any set $A = \{a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4\}$ of four distinct positive integers, we denote the sum $a_1 +a_2 +a_3 +a_4$ by $s_A$. Let $n_A$ denote the number of pairs $(i, j)$ with $1 \leq i < j \leq 4$ for which $a_i +a_j$ divides $s_A$. Find all sets $A$ of four distinct positive integers which achieve the largest possible value of $n_A$.

Posts: 86
Joined: Fri Dec 28, 2012 8:35 pm

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

$Solution to Problem 21$

Let $a_1 < a_2 < a_3 < a_4$. Then, $(a_3+a_4)$ can't divide $(a_1+a_2)$ and $(a_2+a_4)$ can't divide $(a_1+a_3)$.
So, $n_A$ < 4. So, to get the max value 4, $(a_1+a_3)|(a_2+a_4)$, $(a_1+a_2)|(a_3+a_4)$, $(a_1+a_4)|(a_2+a_3)$ and $(a_2+a_3)|(a_1+a_4)$. So, $a_1+a_4 = a_2+a_3$.

Since, $(a_1+a_3)|(a_2+a_4)$, we can write, $w(a_1+a_3) = a_2+a_4 = a_2+(a_2+a_3-a_1) = 2a_2+a_3-a_1$.
=> $a_1(w+1) + a_3(w-1) = 2a_2$. w > 1, else the numbers aren't distinct. If w > 2, $w(a_1+a_3)$ is larger than $2a_2+a_3-a_1$. So, w = 2. And $a_3=2a_2-3a_1$.

Moving on, as $(a_1+a_2)|(a_3+a_4)$, $y(a_1+a_2)=a_3+a_4=2a_2-3a_1+a_2+a_3-a_1=3a_2-4a_1+2a_2-3a_1=5a_2-7a_1$. => $a_1(y+7) = a_2(5-y)$.

So, y < 5. And if y = 2, $5a_1=a_4$, which isn't possible. => y > 2. So, y = 3,4

If y = 3, $a_2=5a_1$, $a_3=7a_1$ and $a_4=11a_1$
If y = 4, $a_2=11a_1$, $a_3=19a_1$ and $a_4=29a_1$

So, A = $(a,5a,7a,11a)$, $(a,11a,19a,29a)$
Epshita32

Posts: 37
Joined: Mon Aug 24, 2015 12:34 am

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

Problem $22$

The distance between Mirpur and Lalmatia is $24$ km. Two of three friends need to reach Lalmatia from Mirpur and another friend wants to reach Mirpur from Lalmatia. They have only one bike, which is initially in Mirpur. Each guy may go on foot (with velocity at most $6$ kmph) or on a bike (with velocity at most $18$ kmph). It is forbidden to leave a bike on a road. Prove that all of them may achieve their goals in $2$ hours $40$ minutes. (Only one guy may seat on the bike simultaneously).
Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn.

Posts: 140
Joined: Mon Mar 28, 2016 6:21 pm

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

What has been meant by 'after 2 hours 30 min'?
aritra barua

Posts: 45
Joined: Sun Dec 11, 2016 2:01 pm

### Re: Beginner's Marathon

I edited the post.
Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn.

Posts: 140
Joined: Mon Mar 28, 2016 6:21 pm

PreviousNext