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BdMO National Higher Secondary :Problem Collection(2016)

Posted: Fri Feb 16, 2018 12:10 am
by samiul_samin
You will get question $1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8$ herehttp://matholympiad.org.bd/forum/viewto ... 878#p17476

Now the number 9 and The Final Question

9.
The integral $Z(0)=\int^{\infty}_{-\infty} dx e^{-x^2}= \sqrt{\pi}$

(a)(3 POINTS:)Show that the integral $Z(j)=\int^{\infty}_{-\infty} dx e^{-x^{2}+jx}$
Where $j$ is not a function of $x$,is $Z(j)=e^{j^{2}/4a} Z(0)$

(b)(10 POINTS):Show that,
$\dfrac 1 {Z(0)}=\int x^{2n} e^{-x^2}= \dfrac {(2n-1)!!}{2^n}$
Where $(2n-1)!!$ is defined as $(2n-1)(2n-3)\times...\times3\times 1$

(c)(7 POINTS):What is the number of ways to form $n$ pairs from $2n$ distinct objects?Interept the previous part of the problem in term of this answer.


[It was a 200 number exam,and this is one of the toughest problems.]

Re: BdMO National Higher Secondary :Problem Collection(2016)

Posted: Fri Feb 16, 2018 12:16 am
by samiul_samin
My askings.
1.Why so much hard calculas question in this National Olympiad?
2.Is it possible to solve this problem using only the theorems mentioned in our text book of 11-12?
3.From where, in the last equation of (a) a appears(from sky?! :P :?: :?:)
4.How can I interept in (c) .What kind of crossover tactics it is?

Re: BdMO National Higher Secondary :Problem Collection(2016)

Posted: Fri Feb 16, 2018 12:39 am
by samiul_samin
Partial Solition of (c)
This solution is taken from Principal and Techniques of Combinatorics
Pick an arbitary element say $x$ from $2n$ numbers.The number of ways to select $x's$ partner say $y$ is $2n-1$ and {$x,y$} forms a pair.
Pick an arbitary element say $z$ from $2n-2$ numbers.The number of ways to select $z's$ partner say $w$ is $2n-3$ and they also form another pair
Counting in this way and applying Multiplication Principle we get the number of ways to make $n$ pairs from $2n$ object is $(2n-3)×(2n-1)...3×1$