Round 3

For discussing Olympiad Level Number Theory problems
Shihab
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Shihab » Fri Dec 30, 2011 3:44 pm

But how we can calculate nth fiboncci number without calculator?
God has made the integers, all the rest is the work of man.
-Leopold Kronecker

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Nadim Ul Abrar
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Nadim Ul Abrar » Fri Dec 30, 2011 3:49 pm

Shihab wrote:But how we can calculate nth fiboncci number without calculator?
rate bolbo ekhon bola illegal .
kane kane boli "wiki te dekho"
$\frac{1}{0}$

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Masum
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Masum » Fri Dec 30, 2011 7:21 pm

nafistiham wrote:
Abdul Muntakim Rafi wrote:7.There are 8 lines mutually parallel and 10 horizontal lines. Find the number
of parallelograms made by the intersections of these lines.

Didn't understand the English... :(
Bangla please...

১০ টা সমান্তরাল রেখা ৮ টা সমান্তরাল রেখাকে ছেদ করলে কয়টা সামান্তরিক তৈরি হবে ?
Nadim Ul Abrar wrote:
Masum wrote:5. You have 3 types of 20 books, each type has identical books. There are 5
books of the type 1, 6 of the type 7. In how many ways can you arrange them?
will it be "6 of the type 2"??

yap. i did not understand it as well.@masum vaia
yes.
One one thing is neutral in the universe, that is $0$.

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nafistiham
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by nafistiham » Fri Dec 30, 2011 7:37 pm

আজকে আর পোস্ট করব না :( (সামনে s.s.c আম্মু বলে পিসির সামনে কি করো :x )। কিন্তু দুইটার সল্ভ নিয়ে চিন্তিত । ওই দুইটা পরে জানতে পারলেই হল ।
\[\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}e^{\frac{2 \pi i k}{n}}=0\]
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Labib
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Labib » Fri Dec 30, 2011 10:52 pm

আমিও আজ ব্যস্ততার জন্যে করে উঠতে পারিনি... :(
মাসুদ ভাই বলসিলেন ঢাকার বিভাগীয়র পর জাতীয়র জন্যে প্রবলেম শীট দিবেন... ওটা কতদুর??
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Abdul Muntakim Rafi
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Abdul Muntakim Rafi » Sat Dec 31, 2011 1:47 am

১০ টা সমান্তরাল রেখা ৮ টা সমান্তরাল রেখাকে ছেদ করলে কয়টা সামান্তরিক তৈরি হবে ?

এইটা কে কীভাবে করছ?
Man himself is the master of his fate...

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Masum
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Masum » Sat Dec 31, 2011 8:05 am

Labib wrote:আমিও আজ ব্যস্ততার জন্যে করে উঠতে পারিনি... :(
মাসুদ ভাই বলসিলেন ঢাকার বিভাগীয়র পর জাতীয়র জন্যে প্রবলেম শীট দিবেন... ওটা কতদুর??
From now on, we will prepare for national. So I am no more willing to publish the result. But all of you had a good result.
Tonight I will post a question for the national. And I will give an official solution for the last round.
One one thing is neutral in the universe, that is $0$.

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Phlembac Adib Hasan
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Phlembac Adib Hasan » Sat Dec 31, 2011 9:41 am

Abdul Muntakim Rafi wrote:১০ টা সমান্তরাল রেখা ৮ টা সমান্তরাল রেখাকে ছেদ করলে কয়টা সামান্তরিক তৈরি হবে ?

এইটা কে কীভাবে করছ?
We need two pairs of parallel lines to make a parallelogram.So the answer is $ {}^ {10} C_2 {}^8 C_2 =1260 $.
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Nadim Ul Abrar
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by Nadim Ul Abrar » Sat Dec 31, 2011 12:36 pm

SOL
1. $2R=\frac{AB.BC.CA}{2[ABC]}=\frac{AB.CA}{AD}$
2. $\sqrt{5^2-4^2}=3$
3. $\frac{2011}{m}+\frac{m}{2011}=\frac{2011^2+m^2}{2011m}$
Now $2011^2+m^2\equiv 0 mod2011$ so $m \equiv 0 mod2011$
so $m=2011k$ and we can rewrite $\frac{2011}{m}+\frac{m}{2011}$ as$ \frac{1+k^2}{k}$
from here we can say that $k|1$ or $k=1$ So that $m=2011$ .
4. $f_{2012}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}[(\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2})^{2012}-(\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2})^{2012}]$
Cz $ f_1+f_3....+f_{2n-1}=f_{2n} , f_{2n}+f_{2n+1}=f_{2n+2}$ (induction)
5. $\frac{20!}{5!6!9!}$
6. $n^2+4\equiv 0mod9$ so $n^6 \equiv (-4)^3 \equiv -1 \equiv8 mod9$
7.$(1+2....+7)(1+2+....+9)=1260$
8. case 1 :
p,q,r are distinct .
For this case One of the p,q,r must have to be even . So that r=2
now $p|q+2$ and $q|p+2$
so that
$q+2\geq p$ or $p+2\leq q+4$ or $\frac{p+2}{q}\leq 1+\frac{4}{q}$
we have $q\geq 3$ . so $\frac{p+2}{q}\leq 2$

Now ,
:arrow: If $\frac{p+2}{q}=2$ then p is even that means 2
And :arrow: if $\frac{p+2}{q}=1$ then $q-2|q+2$ and all possible values of q are 3,4,6 . if we take q=3 then p=1 .
So for this case we dont have any solution

case 2 :
$p=r\neq q$

then p|p+q so p|q that leads p=q
So for this case we dont have any solution.

case 3 :
$p=r=q$ for this case we have infinity many triple of prime numbers

So all triple $(p,q,r)=(a,a,a)$;$a\in \mathbb{P}$
9.$x^4-4x^3+4x^2=x^2(x^2-4x+4)=(x(x-2))^2=48 $
L.S is a perfect square but R.S is not . So there doesnt exits such x .
$\frac{1}{0}$

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nafistiham
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Re: Round 3

Unread post by nafistiham » Sat Dec 31, 2011 1:28 pm

Nadim Ul Abrar wrote:SOL
1. $2R=\frac{AB.BC.CA}{2[ABC]}=\frac{AB.CA}{AD}$
2. $\sqrt{5^2-4^2}=3$
3. $\frac{2011}{m}+\frac{m}{2011}=\frac{2011^2+m^2}{2011m}$
Now $2011^2+m^2\equiv 0 mod2011$ so $m \equiv 0 mod2011$
so $m=2011k$ and we can rewrite $\frac{2011}{m}+\frac{m}{2011}$ as$ \frac{1+k^2}{k}$
from here we can say that $k|1$ or $k=1$ So that $m=2011$ .
4. $f_{2012}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}[(\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2})^{2012}-(\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2})^{2012}]$
Cz $ f_1+f_3....+f_{2n-1}=f_{2n} , f_{2n}+f_{2n+1}=f_{2n+2}$ (induction)
5. $\frac{20!}{5!6!9!}$
6. $n^2+4\equiv 0mod9$ so $n^6 \equiv (-4)^3 \equiv -1 \equiv8 mod9$
7.$(1+2....+7)(1+2+....+9)=1260$
8. case 1 :
p,q,r are distinct .
For this case One of the p,q,r must have to be even . So that r=2
now $p|q+2$ and $q|p+2$
so that
$q+2\geq p$ or $p+2\leq q+4$ or $\frac{p+2}{q}\leq 1+\frac{4}{q}$
we have $q\geq 3$ . so $\frac{p+2}{q}\leq 2$

Now ,
:arrow: If $\frac{p+2}{q}=2$ then p is even that means 2
And :arrow: if $\frac{p+2}{q}=1$ then $q-2|q+2$ and all possible values of q are 3,4,6 . if we take q=3 then p=1 .
So for this case we dont have any solution

case 2 :
$p=r\neq q$

then p|p+q so p|q that leads p=q
So for this case we dont have any solution.

case 3 :
$p=r=q$ for this case we have infinity many triple of prime numbers

So all triple $(p,q,r)=(a,a,a)$;$a\in \mathbb{P}$
9.$x^4-4x^3+4x^2=x^2(x^2-4x+4)=(x(x-2))^2=48 $
L.S is a perfect square but R.S is not . So there doesnt exits such x .
thanks @nadim ul abrar
Last edited by nafistiham on Sat Dec 31, 2011 1:29 pm, edited 1 time in total.
\[\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}e^{\frac{2 \pi i k}{n}}=0\]
Using $L^AT_EX$ and following the rules of the forum are very easy but really important, too.Please co-operate.
Introduction:
Nafis Tiham
CSE Dept. SUST -HSC 14'
http://www.facebook.com/nafistiham
nafistiham@gmail

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