A Very Nice Problem

For discussing Olympiad level Geometry Problems
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FahimFerdous
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A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by FahimFerdous » Sun Feb 24, 2013 11:10 am

Let $O$ be the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$. Let $AS$ and $AM$ be the symmedian and median respectively. Let $AS \cap O=S$ and $AM \cap BC=M$. Let $SM \cap O=A_1$ and let $A_2$ be the diametrically opposite point of $A$. Let $A_1A_2 \cap BC=A_3$. Similarly define $B_3$ and $C_3$. Prove that, $AA_3, BB_3, CC_3$ are concurrent.
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Tahmid Hasan
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by Tahmid Hasan » Sun Feb 24, 2013 7:07 pm

Similar to APMO-2012-4.
Here's the sketch of my solution.
Lemma: In $\triangle ABC, P \in BC$. Then $\frac{MB}{MC}=\frac{AB}{AC}.\frac{\sin BAP}{\sin CAP}$.
Use this lemma and sine law to prove $ABSC$ is a harmonic quadrilateral i.e. $\frac{AB}{AC}=\frac{BS}{SC}$.
Use them again to prove $\frac{BS}{SC}=\frac{A_1C}{A_1B}$ which will imply $A,A_1$ are symmetric wrt the perpendicular bisector of $BC$.
Let $AH_a \perp BC,H_a \in O$. It is well-known that $H_a,A_2$ are symmetric wrt the perpendicular bisector of $BC$. So we conclude $A_1A_2 \perp BC$. Now use Ceva to finish things off.
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FahimFerdous
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by FahimFerdous » Sun Feb 24, 2013 9:58 pm

Hmm, Sourav gave the same one. This is the solution most people would give. I was hoping for another way. Can anyone try it in a different way?
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*Mahi*
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by *Mahi* » Mon Feb 25, 2013 12:43 am

FahimFerdous wrote:Hmm, Sourav gave the same one. This is the solution most people would give. I was hoping for another way. Can anyone try it in a different way?
Same solution here, but Zadid told me you used something like butterfly's theorem, if nobody posts that, can you post it?
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FahimFerdous
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by FahimFerdous » Mon Feb 25, 2013 6:57 pm

Yeah, yeah, this is a problem that Zadid made himself thinking of using Butterfly. But as now it's exposed, anyone can give the proof using butterfly. If anyone doesn't, then I'd give Zadid's solution. Or Zadid could give it himself.
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FahimFerdous
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by FahimFerdous » Fri Mar 01, 2013 5:43 pm

The solution with butterfly seems long but uses many beautiful ideas. Let $H$ be the orthocentre and $AH \cap BC=D$. By homothety, we can show that, $A_2, M, H$ are collinear. Let $AH \cap O=P$. By angle chasing we can show that, $P, D, S$ are collinear. Now, using butterfly on chords $A_2P$ and $SA_1$ we get $BD=A_3C$. Now apply ceva and kill it as we know that the perpendiculars in a triangle are concuurent at $H$. :mrgreen:
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zadid xcalibured
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by zadid xcalibured » Sat Mar 02, 2013 3:22 pm

Mahi and Fahim vai, cool avatars. :mrgreen:
This is my 200th post. :mrgreen:

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FahimFerdous
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by FahimFerdous » Sun Mar 03, 2013 12:24 am

My avatar is the sign of an anime character. He's awesome! :mrgreen:
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Tahmid Hasan
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by Tahmid Hasan » Sun Mar 03, 2013 4:07 pm

FahimFerdous wrote:My avatar is the sign of an anime character. He's awesome! :mrgreen:
Actually Mahi's avatar also symbolizes another popular anime character. Do you remember Gaara especially his forehead seal ;) ?
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FahimFerdous
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Re: A Very Nice Problem

Unread post by FahimFerdous » Sun Mar 03, 2013 10:29 pm

Oops, missed that one!
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